Episode 78- Cohort Coaching: How Two Coaches Help Leaders Navigate Complexity

Jane Anderson Women's Leadership Expert, Executive and Leadership Development, Desley Lodwick

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Most leaders are taught to treat challenges as problems to be solved. Gather the facts, weigh the options, pick the best solution, move on.

That approach works well for complicated issues, the kind with a clear answer, even if it takes expertise to find it. But a lot of what leaders actually face today doesn't fit that mould. Restructures, burnout, culture change, team dysfunction: these are complex challenges. They don't have a single right answer, and they rarely stay solved.

Dr Desley Lodwick has spent more than two decades working with executives, leaders and managers on exactly this distinction. A former managing director of a global IT company, she left the corporate world in 2003 to study why so many capable people were struggling in their roles, not from a lack of skill, but from a lack of support for the kind of thinking complexity demands.

That research became a PhD in contextualist coaching, and eventually a coaching model of her own: cohort coaching. It's a structured, research-backed approach that pairs two coaches with a small group of leaders over several months, built specifically to help people make progress on challenges that can't simply be solved.

This article breaks down what cohort coaching is, why it uses two coaches instead of one, and how it connects to a broader idea Dr Lodwick has spent her career exploring: adult development theory, and what it means for how leaders make sense of themselves, their work and their world.

What Is Cohort Coaching?

Cohort coaching is a coaching model developed by Dr Desley Lodwick in which two coaches work with a small group of around five people on their real workplace challenges, meeting for three hours every three to four weeks over a minimum of six months.

It grew out of a gap Dr Lodwick noticed in her own coaching practice. Individual coaching could help people cope and grow, but it rarely made a dent in the organisational systems and culture those people worked within. As she put it, coaches were "supporting their development" but "weren't really making much of an input into organisational culture."

Cohort coaching was her answer to that gap: a way to work with individuals and the systemic patterns they're part of, at the same time.

How It Differs From Group Coaching

On the surface, cohort coaching can sound similar to group coaching. Both involve multiple participants working with a coach at once. But Dr Lodwick is clear that the resemblance is only surface-level.

Group coaching, as it's typically practised, tends to focus on individual goals within a shared setting. Cohort coaching is built around something different: helping the group make sense of complexity together, and supporting each person's development as an adult, not just as a professional working through a task list.

The Structure: Two Coaches, Five Participants, Six Months

The format is deliberate. Five participants is small enough for real depth, large enough to surface a range of perspectives. Three-hour sessions every three to four weeks give enough space for substantial work without becoming unsustainable for busy leaders.

The six-month minimum matters more than it might seem. According to Dr Lodwick, the real organisational issues, the ones that need systemic attention rather than individual fixing, often don't surface until around the third session. Before that point, participants are still working through their own individual challenges.

The Dance Floor and the Balcony: Why Two Coaches Work Better Than One

One of the more distinctive features of cohort coaching is the use of two coaches rather than one. Dr Lodwick explains the logic through a simple image: the dance floor and the balcony.

At any given moment, one coach is "on the dance floor," actively working with whoever is speaking, asking what's happening, what they've tried, what's getting in the way. The other coach is "on the balcony," watching how the whole group, including the coach on the dance floor, is making sense of what's being discussed.

A single coach can, in theory, move between both positions. But with five participants bringing five different sets of issues, doing both well at once is difficult. Two coaches make it possible to stay fully present in the conversation while also tracking the bigger picture of how the group is processing it.

That combination, individual attention plus systemic observation, is what allows cohort coaching to work with complexity rather than just individual problems.

Complex vs. Complicated: Why Most Leadership Challenges Can't Be "Solved"

A complicated problem has a right answer that expertise can find. A complex challenge doesn't have a fixed solution; it requires ongoing sense-making, and progress is made through learning and adapting rather than solving.

This distinction sits at the centre of Dr Lodwick's work. Many leaders, she's found, approach leadership itself as a problem to be solved. But most of what they're actually facing is complex: team dynamics, cultural shifts, personal identity at work, organisational change. These issues can be understood and worked through, but they can't be permanently fixed with a single decision.

Dr Lodwick's forthcoming book captures the idea in its working title: Stop Solving Problems and Start Making Progress. The shift she's describing is about giving up the expectation of prediction and control, and instead getting better at "learning how to learn your way forward."

That reframe tends to relieve pressure rather than add to it. Leaders who've been quietly blaming themselves for not "solving" something that was never solvable in the first place often find real relief in understanding the distinction.

Adult Development Theory and Leadership Effectiveness

Adult development theory holds that people continue to develop new stages of thinking and sense-making well into adulthood, and that a person's stage of development, not just their knowledge or experience, shapes how effectively they can lead.

Dr Lodwick points to research going back decades showing a correlation between leadership effectiveness and a person's stage of adult development, essentially, their capacity to make sense of complexity. This body of thinking builds on Robert Kegan's constructive-developmental theory, developed at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, which describes how adults' meaning-making capacity continues to grow across distinct stages well beyond childhood.

Sense-Making Over Expertise

This is where cohort coaching diverges most clearly from conventional coaching or training models. Most coaching programs are built around competencies: what a person knows and can do. Cohort coaching is built around development: who a person is becoming, and how they make sense of themselves and the world around them. This developmental focus also reflects broader standards in the profession, including the International Coaching Federation's core competencies, which emphasise ongoing growth over fixed expertise.

In practice, this doesn't look like academic theory. It shows up in the questions asked during a session, and how participants connect those questions back to what they're actually facing day to day. As Dr Lodwick notes, unless the work connects to what people are living through in real time, it doesn't make much difference.

One pattern she's observed repeatedly: people tend to blame themselves for what they see as personal shortcomings in their leadership, when the real issue often sits at a systemic level, in how organisations and teams are structured, not in any individual failing.

The Midlife Career Transition (and the "Glass Cliff")

Many of Dr Lodwick's clients arrive at a similar point in their careers: successful, accomplished and unexpectedly empty. Having achieved what they set out to achieve, they're left asking, "What do I do now?"

Adult development theory, she's found, helps people make sense of this midlife career transition, not as a crisis, but as a genuine developmental stage. It's a period many people go through, often without a framework for understanding it.

Dr Lodwick describes it through another image: standing at the edge of a cliff, facing a chasm, uncertain whether there's a safety net underneath. It's a variation on the more familiar "glass ceiling," a glass cliff, where the challenge isn't getting promoted, but stepping into the unknown of what comes next.

Why This Matters More for Women in Senior Roles

This transition shows up often among senior women considering a move out of corporate life, toward consulting, coaching or building something of their own. For women weighing that step, executive coaching for women built around this kind of developmental thinking can make the transition far less isolating.

Dr Lodwick's view is that navigating it well depends heavily on the people around you: those who are curious, optimistic about future possibilities, and motivated by making a genuine difference rather than personal recognition.

Her own career reflects this shift. Early on, her practice grew through repeat business and word of mouth. Over time, it evolved into something oriented around a larger purpose, contributing to a body of work bigger than any one client relationship.

Moving Past "Overwhelmed": Naming Burnout in Leadership

One observation from Dr Lodwick's recent work is subtle but telling: many of the leaders she works with are heading toward burnout, but very few will use that word. Instead, they describe themselves as "overwhelmed."

She connects this to a broader pattern: a tendency to focus on tasks and dehumanise ourselves in the process, rather than attend to our own wellbeing. This pattern is borne out in the data too; Beyond Blue's research on workplace burnout found burnout is now widespread among Australian workers, driven by cost-of-living pressures, family demands and increased workloads.

Dr Lodwick also points to the growing body of science on the nervous system, the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems, the vagus nerve, as offering real, practical insight into how people can better manage this pressure. For anyone wanting to check in on where they sit, Beyond Blue's burnout check-in tool is a useful starting point.

Recognising the pattern, even before someone is ready to name it as burnout, is often where meaningful change starts. Dr Mel Kettle explores a related version of this in her conversation on navigating burnout and midlife pressures at work.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is cohort coaching? 

Cohort coaching is a group coaching model developed by Dr Desley Lodwick that pairs two coaches with around five participants, focused on real workplace challenges and supported by adult development theory.

How is cohort coaching different from group coaching? 

Group coaching typically centres on individual goals within a shared setting. Cohort coaching focuses on collective sense-making of complexity and supports each participant's broader development, not just task-based progress.

Why does cohort coaching use two coaches instead of one? 

Two coaches allow one to stay actively engaged in the conversation ("the dance floor") while the other observes group dynamics ("the balcony"), a combination that's difficult for a single coach to manage with five participants at once.

What's the difference between a complicated problem and a complex challenge? 

A complicated problem has a right answer that expertise can uncover. A complex challenge has no fixed solution and requires ongoing learning, adaptation and sense-making rather than a one-time fix.

What is adult development theory in leadership? 

It's the idea that people continue developing new stages of thinking throughout adulthood, and that a leader's stage of development, their capacity to make sense of complexity, significantly shapes their effectiveness.

How long does a cohort coaching program typically run? 

Sessions run for three hours every three to four weeks, over a minimum of six months. According to Dr Lodwick, the deeper systemic issues a group is facing often don't surface until around the third session.

Who is cohort coaching best suited for? 

It tends to suit leaders and teams facing complex, systemic challenges rather than straightforward problems, including those navigating organisational change, culture shifts or their own leadership transition.

Conclusion

Dr Desley Lodwick's work offers a genuinely different lens on leadership development, one built less around expertise and more around how people make sense of themselves, their teams and the complexity they're operating in.

Cohort coaching is the clearest expression of that thinking: a structured, research-backed model that treats leadership challenges as things to be understood and progressed, not simply solved. For leaders feeling stuck, overwhelmed or quietly questioning what comes next, that reframe alone can be the beginning of real movement.

Work with Jane Anderson

To learn more about Dr Lodwick's work, read her white paper at desleylodwick.com.

For more on facilitation-based approaches to leadership development, see Jacinta Cubis on facilitator vs trainer, or explore how leaders make decisions under complexity with Samantha Rush.

If you're a senior woman considering your own step into thought leadership, discover how Jane Anderson's Women with Influence program supports that transition.

 

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Most of the guests interviewed are current or alumni members of the Women With Influence community. Click here to find out more

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